Pelvic health · Ultrasound · Patient guide

Pelvic Ultrasound Scan: What It Shows, & How to Book One in London

What a pelvic scan examines, the difference between external and internal ultrasound, how to prepare, and what your results may mean.

Pelvic ultrasound scan consultation

In a recent survey by Endometriosis UK on people who had been diagnosed with endometriosis- They found that the average wait for the diagnosis in the UK was 8 years and 10 months.

And the shocking number? Turns out: 47% of them had been to their GP 10 or more times before a diagnosis.

Pelvic pain, heavy periods and bleeding between periods send an enormous number of women round that loop.

But the common first test for all of these symptoms is the pelvic ultrasound.

We’ve done the research on what a pelvic ultrasound scan looks at, what it finds, how to prepare for it, and where to actually book one in London.

What is a pelvic ultrasound scan?

A pelvic ultrasound scan uses high-frequency sound waves to build a real-time picture of the organs sitting in your pelvis. This does not involve any radiation, needles, or dye.

For women specifically, a pelvic ultrasound looks at the uterus, the endometrium (your womb lining), the ovaries, the cervix, the adnexa (the area around the ovaries and tubes) and the bladder.

In men, a pelvic ultrasound is often recommended to take a closer look at the bladder and the prostate.

What is a pelvic scan looking for?

Female pelvic organs assessed on ultrasound

A pelvic scan usually looks for the size, shape, position, and texture of the organ. It also compares what it sees against what’s normal for your age and where you are in your cycle.

For women, this could mean taking a closer look at:

UterusSize, shape, position (anteverted or retroverted), and whether there are fibroids in the muscle wall.
EndometriumThe thickness and pattern of your womb lining, which changes through the month and matters a lot after menopause.
OvariesSize, follicle count, and whether there are cysts, and if so, what type.
AdnexaThe space around the ovaries and tubes, where a swollen tube or a mass would show up.
BladderFilling and emptying, wall thickness, and how much urine is left behind after you go.
Pelvic cavityWhether there’s free fluid where there shouldn’t be.

Pelvic ultrasound scan versus 3D pelvic ultrasound scan

2D and 3D pelvic ultrasound imaging

A standard pelvic ultrasound uses 2D imaging to create black‑and‑white slices of the uterus, ovaries, and surrounding structures. It’s the workhorse scan for assessing the womb lining, cysts, fibroids, and basic ovarian anatomy.

A 3D pelvic ultrasound builds on this by capturing a volume of data that can be reconstructed into three‑dimensional views. This is especially helpful for looking in more detail at the shape of the uterine cavity (for example, to evaluate polyps, fibroids inside the cavity, or congenital uterine shapes) and for planning certain fertility treatments. In many cases, the sonographer will start with a 2D scan and then add 3D views if more detail would be useful.

What can a pelvic ultrasound detect?

The conditions that a pelvic ultrasound can detect depend on the organs as well as the extent to which it’s able to assess them.

Reliably assessed by pelvic ultrasound

  • Fibroids – number, size and exactly where they sit, which is what determines whether they’re causing your symptoms.
  • Ovarian cysts – and whether a cyst is simple (fluid only, usually harmless) or complex (mixed contents, needs following up).
  • Endometrial thickness and polyps – the lining measured in millimetres, and growths within it.
  • Polycystic ovarian morphology – the ovarian appearance used as one of the three criteria for diagnosing PCOS.
  • Coil or IUD position – whether it’s sitting correctly in the uterine cavity.
  • Follicle count and ovulation – which is why it’s the workhorse test in fertility monitoring.
  • Free fluid in the pelvis.

Suggested, and not confirmed

  • Adenomyosis – ultrasound shows a characteristic appearance that points strongly towards it.
  • Endometriosis – an endometrioma on the ovary is visible, and deep disease can sometimes be seen by an experienced sonographer.
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease – inflammation and a swollen tube are visible, and confirming infection needs swabs.

Not ruled out by a normal scan

  • Superficial endometriosis. Endometriosis deposits sitting on the peritoneum do not show on ultrasound, and a completely normal scan does not mean you don’t have it. UK guidance is explicit that endometriosis should not be excluded on normal imaging alone.
  • Early ovarian cancer. Ultrasound describes a mass and how suspicious it looks. Diagnosis comes from specialist assessment, blood markers and, usually, tissue.
  • Cervical cancer. This cannot be detected by a pelvic ultrasound and instead needs smear tests.
  • Blocked fallopian tubes. Checking whether your tubes are open needs a HyCoSy or an HSG, which are different tests.

Transabdominal or transvaginal ultrasound: what’s the difference?

Choosing between a transabdominal or transvaginal ultrasound depends on the condition that you are scanning for, swhat are you most comfortable with, as well as the recommendation by your GP.

FeatureTransabdominal ultrasoundTransvaginal ultrasound
How it is doneProbe moved over the lower abdomen with gelSlim probe gently placed inside the vagina
What it shows bestOverall size and position of the uterus, larger fibroids, general ovarian position and the bladderMore detailed view of the uterus, womb lining, ovaries and surrounding structures
Level of detailProvides a wider, broader viewProvides a closer, higher-detail view
BladderFull bladder usually neededEmpty bladder usually needed
Why the bladder mattersA full bladder helps move bowel out of the way and provides a clearer window for the ultrasound wavesAn empty bladder allows the probe to sit closer to the pelvic organs
Common usesOverall pelvic assessment and larger structuresMeasuring the endometrium, assessing small polyps, ovarian features and early pregnancy
Usually done when?Often the first part of a pelvic ultrasoundOften follows the transabdominal scan

Is a transvaginal scan painful?

For most people, no. A transvaginal scan isn’t really painful.. Most describe it as a feeling of pressure rather than sharp pain. The probe used for the internal scan is also slimmer.

What to expect – and what you can ask for

You’re in control.The internal (transvaginal) scan is only done with your consent. If you’d rather not have it, you can say no. You’ll still get an external (abdominal) scan, and the report will explain what could and couldn’t be seen clearly.
You don’t have to be alone.A chaperone can be present for any appointment, and you’re welcome to bring a partner, friend, or family member with you.
You can request a female sonographer.Especially at London Private Ultrasound, this is available at no extra cost if that would make you feel more comfortable.
Speak up if it hurts.If anything feels painful during the scan, tell the sonographer straight away. Pain during a transvaginal scan can itself be useful clinical information, especially if conditions like endometriosis are being considered.
It can be done on your period.Having your period doesn’t stop the scan from being done or interpreted. It might not be the most comfortable day to go, but it’s absolutely okay if that’s when your appointment falls.

How to prepare for a pelvic ultrasound scan

Preparing for a pelvic ultrasound appointment

A little preparation can make your scan smoother, quicker, and more informative. Here’s what to do (and what you don’t need to worry about).

Water and bladder

  • Drink about 1 litre of water, finishing roughly an hour before your appointment.
  • Don’t empty your bladder when you arrive. A comfortably full bladder is essential for clear images.

Food and fasting

  • You can eat normally. Pelvic ultrasound has no association with what you eat.
  • No fasting is required. Fasting is only for abdominal scans of the gallbladder and liver, or if you’re combining any other blood tests that require this, along with your pelvic ultrasound scan.

Timing in your cycle

  • If you can choose, aim for days 5–10 of your cycle (counting day 1 as the first day of full bleeding). At this time, the uterine lining is at its thinnest, making polyps, fibroids, and other endometrial changes easier to see. The ovaries are also easier to assess before a dominant follicle takes over the picture.
  • If your scan is urgent, don’t wait for the “perfect” day. It’s more important to be scanned promptly than to hit an ideal cycle day.

What to bring

  • Previous scan reports (especially any earlier pelvic or fertility scans)
  • Recent blood results (for example, hormone tests if you have them)
  • A note of your last period (first day and, if relevant, your usual cycle length)

These details help the sonographer interpret your scan in context and can reduce the need for repeat imaging.

What happens during the Pelvic ultrasound scan?

  1. You arrive with a full bladder, and change is minimal, since only your lower abdomen needs to be exposed.
  2. Warm gel goes on, and the external scan is done first, taking around 10 minutes.
  3. You’re asked to empty your bladder.
  4. The internal scan follows, with your consent, taking another 10 minutes or so.
  5. Your findings are explained to you before you leave.
  6. Your written report with images follows, usually within 24 hours.

This is a very minor procedure. There’s mostly no recovery needed, and no downtime either. You can go back to your schedule, such as driving, eating, or going back to work, straight after your scan

Reading your pelvic ultrasound report

Because reports usually have Terminology that you might find confusing. Instead of googling what the most common terms in your report might be, giving you a breakdown of what they mean:

Endometrial thicknessThis is the thickness of your womb lining, measured in millimetres. It changes during your cycle, so the number only makes sense alongside where you are in your month.
Anteverted / retrovertedThis describes which way your uterus tilts. A retroverted (tilted back) uterus is a normal variation and is not a problem by itself.
Simple cystA fluid‑filled sac with thin walls and no solid parts. These are very common and usually harmless.
Complex cystA cyst that has solid areas, thicker walls, or internal divisions. These need follow‑up, but “complex” does not automatically mean cancerous.

Pelvic ultrasound for men

A male pelvic ultrasound scan looks at the bladder and the prostate, and it’s usually requested for urinary symptoms: a weak stream, getting up at night, difficulty starting, or a feeling of not emptying properly.

Done externally over a full bladder, it measures prostate size, checks the bladder wall, and measures how much urine is left behind after you empty. That last measurement is often the most useful number in the whole report for anyone with an enlarged prostate.

If that’s what you’ve been recommended, our prostate and bladder ultrasound scan is the right service page.

How much does a private pelvic ultrasound scan cost in London?

Across London, private pelvic ultrasound prices generally run from around £150 to £250. At London Private Ultrasound, a pelvic ultrasound scan is £219 all-inclusive. That covers the transabdominal assessment and the transvaginal assessment, where you consent to it. It also includes verbal results on the same day, as well as a report within 1-3 working days.

Before comparing them, check:

  • Whether the internal scan is included or charged as an extra.
  • Whether a written report is included, and how long it takes.
  • Who performs and reports the scan, and their professional registration.
  • Whether a referral letter is provided free if something needs following up.

Why patients book a pelvic ultrasound with London Private Ultrasound

The usual reasons people pay for a private full blood count test in London are the lack of a waiting list as well as convenience.

When you go private, you get to pick the day, no GP referral needed, and you also get results in one or two days.

At our London Private Ultrasound, we offer:

  1. Pelvic ultrasound scan
  2. 3D pelvic ultrasound scan when it’s recommended by your GP

And if you’re looking to combine your pelvic ultrasound scan with your blood test as well, then we’d recommend the Pelvic Health package.

Here’s why our patients book with us:

No GP referral neededBook directly by phone, WhatsApp or online.
Samples taken in clinicYour blood is drawn by an experienced clinical team, not posted to you as a finger-prick kit.
Fast turnaroundMost routine panels return within 1 to 2 working days.
Interpretation included on selected packagesA doctor talks you through what the numbers mean
Two locations, seven days a week27 Welbeck Street in the Harley Street Medical District, and 54 to 56 Victoria Street in St Albans, easily accessible via the Tube

If your results need following up, we’ll provide a referral letter, and we can arrange a follow-up consultation with one of our doctors at an additional cost.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a pelvic ultrasound scan?

A non-invasive scan that uses sound waves to image the organs in your pelvis: the uterus, endometrium, ovaries, adnexa and bladder in women, and the bladder and prostate in men. It uses no radiation and takes 20 to 30 minutes.

What is a pelvic scan looking for?

It checks the size, shape, position and texture of your pelvic organs. That means fibroids in the uterus, cysts on the ovaries, the thickness of your womb lining, the position of a coil, free fluid in the pelvis, and how well your bladder empties.

What can pelvic ultrasounds detect?

Fibroids, ovarian cysts, endometrial polyps, a thickened womb lining, polycystic ovarian morphology, endometriomas, a displaced coil, hydrosalpinx and free fluid. It can suggest adenomyosis and pelvic inflammatory disease. It cannot rule out superficial endometriosis, and it isn’t a cancer screening test.

Why would I need a pelvic ultrasound scan?

Pelvic pain, heavy or irregular periods, bleeding between periods or after menopause, fertility investigations, suspected fibroids, cysts or PCOS, checking a coil, monitoring a known condition, or reassurance.

Can I eat before a pelvic ultrasound scan?

Yes. No fasting is needed. Only your bladder needs to be full.

Is a pelvic ultrasound scan painful?

The external scan is painless. The internal scan is usually described as pressure rather than pain, and it’s done only with your consent. Tell the sonographer if anything hurts.

How long does a pelvic ultrasound scan take?

Around 20 to 30 minutes for the appointment, covering both the external and internal parts.

When will I get my results?

Your findings are explained to you before you leave, and the written report with images is issued within 24 hours.

Can I have a pelvic ultrasound on my period?

Yes, including the internal scan. It’s not the most comfortable timing, and it doesn’t affect whether the scan can be done or read.

When in my cycle should I book a pelvic ultrasound?

Days 5 to 10 give the clearest view of the womb lining and ovaries. If your symptoms are urgent, book the first available appointment instead of waiting.

Can a pelvic ultrasound detect endometriosis?

It can show endometriomas on the ovaries and, in experienced hands, signs of deep disease. Superficial endometriosis does not show on ultrasound, so a normal scan does not rule it out.

Can a pelvic ultrasound detect cancer?

It can find a mass and describe how suspicious it looks, which is what triggers the next step. It cannot diagnose cancer on its own, and it isn’t a screening test for ovarian or cervical cancer.

Do I need a GP referral for a private pelvic ultrasound scan?

No, At London Private Ultrasound, you can self-refer and book directly. Bring any previous scan reports or recent blood results with you.

Medical information notice: Ultrasound findings must be interpreted alongside your symptoms, history and other tests. A normal scan does not exclude every pelvic condition, including superficial endometriosis. This article provides general information and is not a substitute for individual medical advice.

Book a private pelvic ultrasound scan in London

External and internal assessment where appropriate, same-day explanation and appointments seven days a week without a GP referral.

Book a pelvic ultrasound scan (£219)
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